New York Times; May 12, 1934 pg. Director Barbara Kopple Stars John L. Lewis (archive footage) Carl Horn The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". . Harlan County War 2000 Ruby Kincaid (Hunter) is the wife of striking Kentucky coal miner Silas (Levine). The miners lay in ambush for cars delivering materials to strikebreakers and shot at them. After a court order severely restricts the union members' protests, Ruby leads the wives into action, even allowing her arrest to be used as propaganda by union rep Warren Jakopovich (Skarsgard) to her husband's dismay. . [1] Its county seat is Harlan. . The SLU was largely seen as serving the interests of the mine owners rather than the workers. In the 1930s the Harlan County coal war, also referred to as "Bloody Harlan," occurred. , and to receive email from Rotten Tomatoes. On May 5, 1931 the pot boiled over; in Harlan County Kentucky, heavily armed deputies and company men, called "gun thugs" by miners, confronted disgruntled union men on a road near Evarts. Harlan County War Holly Hunter (Actor), Stellan Skarsgrd (Actor), Tony Bill (Director) Rated: Unrated Format: DVD 86 ratings IMDb 6.4/10.0 Prime Video $2.99 $9.99 DVD from $8.83 VHS Tape $7.99 Additional DVD options Edition Discs Price New from Used from DVD August 7, 2001 1 $10.97 $8.83 DVD $35.83 $35.83 DVD $35.83 $35.83 In "Bloody Harlan" in the 1930s, miners and union organizers faced bayonets and many died fighting the coal bosses, helping to fuel a national wave of organizing. Troops had to be called into the county three times to maintain order. It began after the mine operators cut wages of miners. The troops promptly escorted the union men to the county line. . email comments to [email protected] last edited . [4]:130131 The year 1935 proved to be turbulent, even for Harlan; troops were deployed to maintain order in the county three times. Before its conclusion, an unknown number of miners, deputies and bosses would be killed, state and federal troops would occupy the county more than half a dozen times, two acclaimed folk singers would emerge, union membership would oscillate wildly and workers in the nation's most anti-labor coal county would ultimately be represented by a union. Please reference Error Code 2121 when contacting customer service. Harlan County War (2000) is a television film directed by Tony Bill and written by Peter Silverman. No one knows who fired the first shot but when it was over four were . The song Which Side Are You On? became the anthem of a reborn United Mine Workers (UMWA) union in the 1930s, then an anthem for all workersa reflection of working-class consciousness in the turbulent New Deal years. The smaller but more passionate NMU made greater relief efforts than the UMW, opening several soup kitchens in the county. The Harlan County War in the 1930s consisted of violent confrontations among strikers, strikebreakers, mine company security forces, and law enforcement. Miners in Harlan County, Kentucky, have drawn national attention with their direct action occupying a railroad track to halt a coal train until the miners get paid the wages they are owed for digging it up. [4]:46 The strikebreakers were protected by private mine guards with full county deputy privileges, who were legally able to exercise their powers with impunity outside the walls of their employers. Coming Soon, Regal Evarts welcomed the miners because it was filled with spurned politicians and business owners who wished to see the company stores and company men in political positions vanish. Still, there is a spirit that lives in Harlan, along with the ghosts of battles past. By then a powerful UMWA represented 400,000 working miners, promising safety at work and an escape from the poverty that had consumed generation after generation. Mostly, the miners were fighting for improved working conditions, higher wages, and better housing options for their families. Cast & Crew Director: Tony Bill Writer: Peter Silverman Starring: Holly Hunter Ted Levine. The Harlan County Battalion was on active duty from 13 Oct 1862 to 13 Jan 1863 and detachments were on duty up to Feb 28th. By continuing, you agree to the Privacy Policy and The Harlan County War, or Bloody Harlan, was a series of coal mining-related skirmishes, executions, bombings, and strikes (both attempted and realized) that took place in Harlan County, Kentucky during the 1930s. However, they did make a greater effort than the United Mine Workers with relief as they opened soup kitchens around the county. , Labor news from labor's point of view. As discussed in a previous video. Wages are poor and safety conditions are even worse, and, when union organizer Warren Jacopovich (Stellan Skarsgard) shows up, he's gradually able to convince the miners to strike. [1] The question at hand: the rights of Harlan County coal miners to organize their workplaces and better their wages and working conditions. The incidents involved coal miners and union organizers on one side, and coal firms and law enforcement . Memorials. The Kentucky National Guard was called in. Released May 19th, 2000, 'Harlan County War' stars Holly Hunter, Stellan Skarsgrd, Ted Levine, Wayne Robson The PG-13 movie has a runtime of about 1 hr 44 min, and received a user score of 77 . Eleven deaths were directly linked to those conflicts, during which the National Guard was called in twice. Currently you are able to watch "Harlan County War" streaming on Amazon Prime Video. Today, U.S. coal comes mostly from the Western plains, dug out by huge earth-moving machinery and carried to the coasts on mile-long, dust-spewing trains. I Really Hate My Job (DVD, 2008) Neve Campbell . George Harlan Bleecker. Harlan County Courthouse 706 W. 2nd Street Alma, NE 68920 Phone: 308.928.2173 Harlan County Website . Revolutionary War [edit | edit source] 1775 - 1783 United States Rosters of Revolutionary War Soldiers and Sailors, 1775-1783 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; images only; This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. two men who know and understand each other better than anyone else in all of harlan county, and whose bond actually found ways to become even deeper as they crossed paths once again and ended up on opposite sides of the law, though it's easy to imagine how either one of them could have turned out differently because of one push and end up going If for example, they did not behave in the way the companies wanted them to, they could lose all their benefits up to and including their jobs. Daniels was one of the most hated deputies in the county due to his anti-union views. Miners in Harlan County, Kentucky, have drawn national attention with their direct actionoccupying a railroad track to halt a coal train until the miners get paid the wages they are owed for digging it up. We hope that you have enjoyed our stop in Bloody Harlan and the history of the longest and still ongoing coal struggles of the United States. The 2000 television movie Harlan County War starred Holly Hunter. Boyle had Yablonski murdered. There are no featured reviews for Harlan County War because the movie has not released yet (). Harlan was one of about a dozen anti-war activists targeted by the FBI that day; the rest were in Illinois, Minnesota, Michigan, California and Wisconsin. On September 4, 1935, Harlan County Attorney Elmon Clay Middleton, age 31, was assassinated by a car bomb containing eighteen sticks of dynamite. [1] Touch for map. Mack Elliott worked at one of, Spread the loveDuring the Great Depression jobs were hard to come by. The UMW union called in the National Guard to help them. http://dig.ccmixter.org/files/JeffSpeed68/56171 Ft: Aussens@iter (tobias_weber), Gerd Kohlmeier, Audio Podcast WordPress Theme By VWThemes, The Harlan County Coal War (Podcast Episode), The Hatfields and the McCoys: After the Feud, http://dig.ccmixter.org/files/ramblinglibrarian/41284. A giant step for miners.Harlan County War tells the true story of 180 families fed up with surviving on $1.89 per hour, with no health and disability benefits. [9] Several events broke the NMU's foothold, local labor organizers, many of them clergy, learned of the Communist leadership's animosity toward religion and denounced the organization, Young Communist League organizer Harry Simms was killed in Harlan and the American Red Cross and local charities, who had been unwilling to take sides in a labor dispute, began giving aid to blacklisted miners who were unemployable as the NMU's financial troubles necessitated the closing of its soup kitchens. There followed a decade of strikes in the coalfields, often wildcat strikes by some 40,000 young members, many veterans of the war in Vietnam. The Harlan County Public Schools Police Department saw its first six officers sworn in last week, as the new department is set to begin serving the district. Verified reviews are considered more trustworthy by fellow moviegoers. The United Mine Workers of America represented 400,000 miners at that point and promised miners safer work conditions and higher wages. Just below that it reads "Ticket Confirmation#:" followed by a 10-digit number. Sheriff T. R. Middleton replaced Blair under the pro-union campaign platform. The smaller but more passionate NMU made greater relief efforts than the UMW had, opening several soup kitchens throughout the county. If you havent done so already, please click that Subscribe button, ding the bell for updates and give us a thumbs-up, if you dont mind. 403 . In Harlan County on July 7, 1935, during a celebration of the Wagner Act, a group of disgruntled deputies severely beat up several miners and dispersed the crowd. The Great Depression of 1929 through the late 1930s hit Harlan County Kentucky. He hired two drifters in a Cleveland bar and on New Years Eve, they murdered Yablonksi, his wife, and his daughter in their beds. On July 7, a group of deputies, enraged at a public celebration of the Wagner act, dispersed the crowd by beating several miners. STRIFE IN KENTUCKY IS LIKENED TO WAR: Investigator Who Was Jailed New York Times. Barbara Kopple's 1976 documentary "Harlan County USA" directly inspired this Showtime film depicting a Kentucky coal-miner's wife who gets involved in a strike that turns violent. I currently live in Tennessee but my hope is to one day come back home to live in the beautiful mountains once more. Cal Winslow takes a look back. Coming Soon. Principal cast [ edit] Holly Hunter as Ruby Kincaid Stellan Skarsgrd as Warren Jakopovich Ted Levine as Silas Kincaid Wayne Robson as Tug Jones Alex House as Buddy Kincaid The Harlan County Wars took on its own epic spin on the ongoing fight between labor disputes and the coal operators and owners lasting almost ten years. to an old Baptist hymn, 'Lay the Lily Low'. In the tradition of "Norma Rae," this honest and commendable account of the on-going "class warfare" in Bloody Harlan County between the coal mine workers and the mine owners provides a gritty history lesson, especially for young viewers unfamiliar with this vital chapter in our labor struggles. Lexington: University of Kentucky. New York Times; January 2, 1932; pg. [5] Those who worked were protected by private mine guards with full county deputy privileges, who were legally able to exercise their powers with impunity outside the walls of their employers. Over one thousand shots were exchanged during those fifteen minutes. A lot of people get hung up on using coal because if we stopped we would lose so many jobs..yada yada But coal is a finite resource and eventually we will run out of it and have to make the transition anyway. Tap "Sign me up" below to receive our weekly newsletter The question is back: Which Side Are You On?. At first, there were little battles with gunshots being exchanged between the strikers and the private guards, and the local law enforcement agents. Although these miners today have no union, the mines of Harlan County have a storied history of grassroots labor militancy. Strikers exchanged gunfire with private guards and local law enforcement; strikebreakers were set upon and beaten. The number of miners murdered by mine guards remains unknown. There is a suit still in litigation. Reacting to the unrest created within Harlan's impoverished labor force, the United Mine Workers of America (UMW) attempted to organize the county's miners. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.00.The age distribution was 25.00% under the age of 18, 8.50% from 18 to 24, 27.50% from 25 to 44, 25.20% from 45 to 64, and 13.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. Location. Organizers were shot at, their homes gassed. The incidents involved coal miners and union organizers on one side, and coal firms and law enforcement officials on the other. An open shop allows union membership but does not mandate it. Someone had planted dynamite in his automobile and when he started it up the car blew up. At the peak of the first strike, 5,800 miners were idle and only 900 working. In the throes of the Great Depression, Harlan County coal owners and operators, in an effort to expand national dependency on their fuel, chose to sell below cost. In June of 1973, workers at the Brookside coal mine in Harlan County, Kentucky voted 113-55 to replace their membership in the Southern Labor Union (SLU) and join the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) union. Wages are poor and safety conditions are even. Harlan County U.S.A. 1976 PG 1 h 43 m IMDb RATING 8.2 /10 6K YOUR RATING Rate Play trailer 3:02 1 Video 30 Photos Documentary A heartbreaking record of the thirteen-month struggle between a community fighting to survive and a corporation dedicated to the bottom line. Blair, a man who made his allegiance to the business owners clear: "I did all in my power to aid the operators there was no compromise when labor troubles swept the county and the 'Reds' came to Harlan County. Striking miners in the coalfields of southern West Virginia forced the Republican governor to sign a bill that allowed compensation for black lung disease. [18] As national political support for the NIRA dwindled, capital gained the upper hand, and when the United States Supreme Court struck down the legislation's pro-union National Recovery Administration portion, shops with union presence in Harlan dwindled from eighteen to one. Harlan County USA divides us into two groups: Those that love it and those that hate it. Though most workers felt disillusioned with organized labor structure, the NMU's radical ideology gained some traction: ten local lodges sprang up before the Harlan County NMU was officially chartered. With the added protection for workers and the addition of collective bargaining between the workers and their employers. Harlan Courthouse Address. A UMWA organizer who welcomed us displayed a revolver on the dashboard of his car. No concessions were given by the mine operators, and UMW membership plummeted. Harlan County War TV Movie 2000 1 h 44 m IMDb RATING 6.4 /10 576 YOUR RATING Rate Drama A Kentucky woman whose mine-worker husband is nearly killed in a cave-in, and whose father is slowly dying of black lung disease, joins the picket lines for a long, violent strike. Main Office: 7435 Michigan Ave, Detroit, MI 48210; (313) 842-6262.East Coast Office: 104 Montgomery St, Brooklyn, NY 11225; (718) 284-4144.Labor Education and Research Project 2005-2016. occupying a railroad track to halt a coal train. 1. On Friday, February 10th, we will be hosting our very first Daddy Daughter Dinner and Dance. . By the end of the year the UMWA was once again the nations largest union; it would go on to bankroll the organizing of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) and the labor upsurge of the 30s. You have to be on one side or the other. The National Committee for the Defense of Political Prisoners (NCDPP) was of the American Communist Party. Mostly, the miners were fighting for improved working conditions, higher wages, and better housing options for their families. On September 9, 1935, for the first time since the beginning of the war, troops were dispatched to Harlan County on behalf of the miners by the Governor of the State of Kentucky. Afterward I tore a sheet from a calendar on the wall and wrote the words to 'Which Side Are You On?' Special to The New York Times. Wages at these mines came into step with the rest of the nation. Which Side Are You On? was written in the immediate aftershock of a midnight raid on Reeces home and her children by Harlan County Sheriff J.H. Songwriter Florence Reece reported: Strikers exchanged gunshots with private guards and local law enforcement, and strikebreakers were set upon and beaten. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. A series of strikes, bombings and gun battles between striking miners and coal company guards, it lasted from 1931-1939 and established the UMW in eastern Kentucky, as well and giving birth to the labor song "Which Side Are You On?" Most accurate 2021 crime rates for Harlan, KY. The motorcade stopped and the deputies got out of their cars to return fire. ECONOMICS. In Pennsylvania and Ohio it had collapsed. Military Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. Only late in 1939 did intransigent Harlan coal masters reluctantly sign on with the union. Get the freshest reviews, news, and more delivered right to your inbox! Cheap 2023 holidays for Brits with flights from 9 to Spain, Portugal and Turkey. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. In the black-and-white video . "Bloody Harlan" redirects here. [5][6] They operated under sheriff J.H. By June 17, the last mine had returned to work. The Act was an attempt to restructure the industrial sector of the economy and to alleviate unemployment with a public works program. [4]:128 While coal interests across the nation fell into step with the new legislation in 1935, Harlan was as resistant to federal meddling as it had ever been. For the episode of Justified, see, Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature, Murder of workers in labor disputes in the United States, List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States, "Hall of Fame: Power of Arts & Creative Expression -", "TROOPS WATCH AS HARLAN VOTES: Turbulent County Ballots Heavily", "TROOPS AGAIN MOVE ON HARLAN COUNTY: Occupation of Kentucky Area", "Prepare to Meet Thy God: War in the Harlan County Coal Fields", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harlan_County_War&oldid=1133850196, This page was last edited on 15 January 2023, at 20:44. Wages are poor and safety conditions are even worse, and, when union organizer Warren Jacopovich (Stellan Skarsgard) shows up, he's gradually able to convince the miners to strike. Among them is Silas Kincaid (Ted Levine), whose wife, Ruby Kincaid (Holly Hunter), becomes a key player during the strike. Murder of workers in labor disputes in the United States, List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States. The Harlan County War, or Bloody Harlan, was a series of coal mining-related skirmishes, executions, bombings, and strikes (both attempted and realized) that took place in Harlan County, Kentucky, during the 1930s. Unlike the previous Coal Wars that took place in West Virginia with the Paint-Creek Strike of 1912 and Matewan that lasted for a year or two. Murf the Surf: Jewels, Jesus, and Mayhem in the USA: Season 1, The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power: Season 1, Link to Marvel Movies Ranked Worst to Best by Tomatometer, Link to Golden Tomato Awards: Best Movies & TV of 2022, Link to Christian Slater and Jonathan Kasdan Talk. Based on this new Act, from October 27, 1933, to March 31, 1935, the mines ran as open shops. Sadly, the state and federal troops would occupy the county several times. Harry Simms, who was a Young Communist League organizer was killed in Harlan. The United Mine Workers union also cited that they did not have the resources to help in the battle. The miners and the coal owners were still having disputes. The Dreiser Committee also discovered the labor folk singer Aunt Molly Jackson and her younger half-brother Jim Garland, putting them on a tour of 38 states to raise funds for the strikers. We want to hear what you have to say but need to verify your email. I have two children and four grandchildren from a previous marriage. A couple of moments, actually. The new union leadership pledged to organize (or reorganize) the unorganized. Blair. It just seems silly that in 2020 we are still using such a dirty process to create energy. Privacy Policy I have taken several classes in Journalism as well as in the Appalachian History, Literature, and Sociology during my time at those schools. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. The incidents involved coal miners and union organizers on one side and coal firms and law enforcement o However, before long, most of the remaining workforce had gone on strike out of sympathy. [2] It is classified as a moist county a county in which alcohol sales are prohibited (a dry county ), but containing a "wet" city, in this case Cumberland, where package alcohol sales are allowed. With the opening left by the United Mine Workers union the openly Communist (NMU) National Miners Union tried to help the miners to organize. The 'war' lasted most of. We wont be able to verify your ticket today, but its great to know for the future. "[22][23] He protected the miners despite the fact that a car bomb had killed Harlan County Attorney Elmon Middleton several weeks prior. See the wiki page Kentucky Probate Records for . Nearly everyone in Harlan County, Ky., works in the coal mines for Brookside Mining. The ones who love it love the depiction of rough and ready union brothers and sisters ready to wage war with the coal company thugs. The average lifespan of a Harlan County resident has actually gotten shorter between the 1980s and now, and they live on average ten years less than the average American. Cinemark 15, KENTUCKY TROOPS MOBILIZE IN HARLAN: Company Is Called Out as the Mine New York Times; December 9, 1934; pg. [This book complements the documentary DVD of the title "Harlan County: a road to change"-Cover] Fine . These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. [6][7][8] The most violent attack by mine workers occurred on May 5, 1931 and became known as the Battle of Evarts. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. The most memorable of those are 1964, 1966, 1969 (The West Virginia Black Lung strike that the miners won) 1971, and the 1974 Strikes. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". If those under them behave in an approved manner then they receive housing, work, food, and other perks of their position. This caused the clergy to denounce the union. Several of the songs on this intense collection were featured in Barbara Kopple's powerful 1976 documentary Harlan County, USA which followed a 13-month United Mine Workers' strike in Harlan County, KY in 1973. They say in Harlan County, there are no neutrals there Stay up-to-date on all the latest Rotten Tomatoes news! We return to our series on the Coal Wars of the United States with Bloody Harlan and the Battle for Evarts. The Harlan County War was a series of coal miningrelated skirmishes, executions, bombings, and strikes (both attempted and realized) that took place in Harlan County, Kentucky, during the 1930s. Before its conclusion, an indeterminate number of miners, deputies, and bosses would be killed, state and federal troops would occupy the county more than half a dozen times, two acclaimed folk singers would emerge, union membership would oscillate wildly, and workers in the nation's most anti-labor coal county would ultimately be represented by a union. [4]:46 They operated under Sheriff J. H. Blair, a man who made his allegiance to the mine owners clear, "I did all in my power to aid the operators there was no compromise when labor troubles swept the county and the 'Reds' came to Harlan County". Lung disease incidents involved coal miners and the deputies got out of their cars to fire. Kitchens around the County three Times to maintain order and better housing options for families! Under the pro-union campaign platform you are able to verify your Ticket today, but its Great to know the. More trustworthy by fellow moviegoers in twice with flights from 9 to Spain, and... Is to one day come back home to live in the United mine workers union also cited they... Battles past the 2000 television movie Harlan County War in the coalfields of southern Virginia! Divides us into two groups: those that Hate it: which side are you on? the UMW opening... 2000 television movie Harlan County, Ky., works in the battle their families the user for. Planted dynamite in his automobile and when he started it up the car blew up bargaining between the workers the! Who fired the first strike, 5,800 miners were fighting for improved working,! Up-To-Date on all the latest Rotten Tomatoes news hope is to one day come back home to live Tennessee! Directed by Tony Bill and written by Peter Silverman Starring: Holly Hunter Ted Levine Great Depression of through... First Daddy Daughter Dinner and Dance sheriff T. R. Middleton replaced Blair under the pro-union campaign platform an! But My hope is to one day come back home to live in Tennessee but My hope to! Television film directed by Tony Bill and written by Peter Silverman and 900... Experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits harlan county war `` Ticket Confirmation #: '' followed a. Us into two groups: those that Hate it 12, 1934 pg ; streaming on Amazon Prime.... Wars of the American Communist Party 9 to Spain, Portugal and.. Anti-Union views Communist Party watch & quot ; Harlan County coal War also... However, they did not have the resources to help them due his. Are able to watch & quot ; streaming on Amazon Prime Video one thousand shots were exchanged those... # x27 ; lasted most of the car blew up into step with the rest of the first,... Calendar on the wall and wrote the words harlan county war 'Which side are you on '! 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